• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Device for purifying water, including a hollow structure in turn including a first space, includes a supply opening for water to be purified and a boiling device for such water, arranged to heat the water to the boiling point using energy from focused sunlight supplied via a supply device for sunlight to a heating location in the first space; a condenser for condensing water vapour from the boiling device; and a conduit device for water vapour, arranged to bring water vapour from the first space to the condenser. The heat exchanger is arranged to transfer thermal energy from either hot water vapour which has been boiled off in the boiling device or condensed water which is still warm and originates from such vapour, to water to be purified and which is to be introduced into the first space through the supply opening. A method for purifying water is also described.
    公开号:SE1051390A1
    申请号:SE1051390
    申请日:2010-12-29
    公开日:2012-06-30
    发明作者:Rolf Ljunggren
    申请人:H2Do Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Such a device requires that water to be purified is pumped into the vessel, that water residues are pumped out of the vessel, and that purified water is pumped out of the container for condensed water.
    In addition, various vent pipes and other peripheral equipment are required. Therefore, such a device is relatively complicated and expensive, requires a lot of maintenance and also a reliable source of electricity to operate the equipment. The angle of the lens in relation to the sun is variable, since it tilts in the water, which means that the light cannot be focused at one and the same point over time. Furthermore, the device is exposed to the elements in their position near the water surface, which means that water splashes and deposits will limit the amount of light that can be focused on the cooking vessel. Finally, the efficiency of such a boiling device is relatively low, since a lot of energy is required to heat the water from ambient temperature in the body of water to the boiling point.
    The present invention solves the problems described above.
    Thus, the invention relates to a device for purifying water, comprising a hollow structure which in turn comprises a first space, comprising a supply opening for water to be purified and a boiling device for such water, arranged to heat the water to the boiling point by means of of energy from focused sunlight supplied via a supply device for sunlight to a specific heating point in the first space; a condenser for condensing water vapor from the boiler; and a water vapor conduit device, arranged to carry water vapor from the first space to the condenser, and characterized in that a heat exchanger is arranged to transfer heat energy from either hot water vapor boiled off in the cooking device or condenser to hydrated, still hot water arising from such steam, Application text dococ 2010-12-29 100244EN 10 15 20 25 30 ten to be purified and to be introduced in the first space through the supply line.
    The invention will now be described in detail, with reference to exemplary embodiments of the invention and the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a first device for purifying and transporting water according to the invention, which device is firmly anchored in a bottom; Figure 1b is a schematic diagram of the device according to Figure 1a, but where the device floats on a surface; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a second device for purifying and transporting water according to the invention, comprising a boiler, against which light is focused and a heat exchanger; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a third device for purifying and transporting water according to the invention, comprising a cooker and a heat exchanger; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a fourth device for purifying and transporting water according to the invention, comprising two boilers and two heat exchangers; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a fifth device for purifying and transporting water according to the invention, comprising a device according to Figure 1, a cooker and a heat exchanger; and Figure 6 shows a jet pump device according to the invention.
    The figures consistently divide male reference numerals for the corresponding parts.
    Figures 1a and 1b illustrate a device 100 for purifying water and transporting the purified water from its source layer as part of a body 50 of untreated water. Application text doc. 2010-12-29 100244EN 10 15 20 25 30 out of the water body 50 The device 100 comprises a hollow structure, which. in turn, a cooking space 110, 130 comprises an elongate conduit device 120 and an upper part. It is preferred that the conduit device 120 be in the form of a hollow cylinder, which connects the cooking space 110 and the upper part 130, so that these two parts freely communicate. nicing with each other. That two spaces "communicate freely" with. each other shall be construed herein so that gas and liquid can flow freely between the spaces without intermediate obstacles.
    In operation, the device 100 is located at least partially, preferably completely, immersed in the body of water 50, as illustrated in Figures 1a and 1b, in an upright operating position in which steam, according to a preferred one. embodiment can rise substantially straight upwards in the conduit device 120 from the cooking space 110.
    The boiling space 110 comprises a supply opening 112 for not yet purified water from the body of water 50. Furthermore, there is a boiling device 111 in the boiling space 110, arranged to heat untreated water to the boiling point at a certain heating point in the space 110, so that steam in sufficiently large quantities depart from this water.
    It is preferred that the cooking space 110 be in the form of a hood-shaped structure which is open underneath, so that water can be converted in sufficient quantities into the cooking space 110 via self-circulation. This means that water with a high concentration of impurities, after a part of this water has been boiled off, can be diluted by additional untreated water without mixing having to be carried out in any other way than via self-circulation. At the same time, it is preferred that the heating point is arranged above the supply opening 112, so that luster * in the form of excessive dilution of the heated water which has not yet escaped in the form of steam is avoided.
    The cooking device. 111 gets its energy from. a fiber optic cable 12, which during operation directs light from a light focusing device 10 above the ground 60, and thus also above the surface 51 of the water body 50, to the cooking device 111. The light focusing device 10 comprises a per se conventional mirror 11, which is arranged to focus sunlight over a larger surface and direct this light into the fiber 12. The device 10 and one may for example comprise a parabolic main mirror smaller secondary mirror, which is later arranged to direct the beams reflected by the main mirror into the fiber end.
    It is preferred that the area over which incident sunlight is focused is at least 10 HF. In this way, a sufficiently large light effect can be passed through the fiber 12 and up to the cooking device 111 to be able to achieve sufficiently intensive boiling of the water in the space 110 to achieve the present purposes.
    The boiling device 111 can use the solar energy to heat the water in a conventional manner, for example by directing the incident light towards a black body in the space 110 which in this way heats and indirectly heats the water.
    The boiling space 110 is open upwards towards the pipe device 120, so that steam which has departed from the boiling process can rise upwards through the pipe device 120 and further to the upper part 130. The latter comprises * a condenser 133 for condensing water vapor from the cooking device.
    In both Figures 1a and. 1b shows the device. 100 med. two different illustrative types of capacitors 133. It will be appreciated that either of these, or a combination, and / or other types of Capacitors can be used. However, it is preferred that the condenser 133 be arranged to condense the water vapor into liquid form by cooling by means of the untreated water in the surrounding body of water 50. This. This is most easily done by immersing the condenser 133 below the surface 51 of the water body 50 during operation.
    Thus, a first example of a useful condenser 133 is a pipeline system 13a which runs, isolated from the water vapor and the condensed water, through the upper part 130, through which pipeline system 113a unpurified water flows by means of self-circulation due to temperature the dient in the upper part 130 during operation.
    A second example consists of a series of flanges 133b which either house from the water vapor and the condensed water isolated, uncleaned water or are in thermal contact with such water.
    The condenser 133 is connected, and communicates freely, with a container 131 for condensed water, arranged to collect the water condensed by means of the condenser 133.
    Thus, the conduit device 120 and the condensed water container 131 are designed so that a water vapor channel runs from the boiling space 110 to the container 131, via the condenser 133, the container 131. so that the space 110 can communicate freely with the condenser 133 of the condenser 133. such as its heat sinks 133b, are located in and along this channel, clean 131. either above or in retaining. illustrated in Figures 1a and 1b, according to a preferred embodiment, the above-mentioned channel runs first upwards through the conduit device 120 and then again downwards to the container. Application text doc. 2010-12-29 100244EN 10 15 20 25 30 131. This latter is achieved according to the illustrated embodiment. by means of a substantially vertical partition wall 135 between the upper part of the conduit part 120 and the container 131, in combination with a tight roof in the upper part 130. The container 131, preferably the entire container 131, is preferably arranged at a higher height than the cooking space 110.
    With such a construction, condensed water can be collected in the container 131 without leaking back down through the conduit device 120.
    The container 131 is provided with an outlet 134 for condensed water, during operation arranged below a liquid level 132 in the container 131.
    During operation, the device 100 is located. at least partially immersed in the body of water 50, with the boiling space 110 downwards.
    Thus, in this position, the space 110 will communicate freely with the water body 50. Furthermore, the above-mentioned structure, preceded by the supply opening 112 for untreated water and the outlet 134 for condensed water, is arranged to be closed during operation. In other words, in addition to the outlet 134, the structure constitutes an upwardly water- and gas-tight container, which can retain a volume of gaseous water vapor even when the structure is immersed in the water body 50.
    Furthermore, during operation, the outlet 134 is arranged above the heating point in the cooking space 110.
    Thus, in operation, the device 100 is immersed in the body of water 50, with untreated water flowing into the device 100 via the opening 112. It is preferred that the outlet 134 be kept closed when the device 100 is immersed in the body of water 50, so that a certain volume of atmospheric air content in the container at Application textdocx 2010-12-29 100244EN 10 15 20 25 30 start of operation. Then the cooking is started by applying light energy to the cooking device 111.
    The water vapor leaving the untreated water in the space 110 flows upwards to the conduit device 120 and the upper part 130. Condensed water is collected in the container 131. Thus, during operation, a gas column 121 is maintained in equilibrium in the structure, which essentially consists of water vapor and bounded by the water surface 132 at one end and a water surface 113 in the space 110 at the other end. During operation, it is possible, via appropriate control of supplied light energy and / or discharge of condensed water via the outlet 134, to achieve a stable level of the water surface 113, above the heating point.
    Since the heating point is arranged below the outlet 134, such a stable water level 113 in the space 110 can also be arranged below the outlet 134. Thus the water pressure comes from the surface 113 towards the gas column contained in the hollow structure, in combination. with. it because. by boiling 'the vapor pressure arising therein, to give rise to an overpressure in the hollow structure. This overpressure will also prevail in the condensed water in the container 131 and be available at the outlet 134. From the outlet 134 the condensed water is led to a desired delivery point above ground, in Figures 1a and 1b illustrated in the form of a tank 20 for purified water. Since the water in this mode is distilled, it is also purified from, for example, particles and salts. In addition, boiling means that any microorganisms can be killed effectively.
    Furthermore, no external pump is required to transport the purified water up to the tank 20, from the outlet 134 which is arranged at a lower height. Instead, according to a preferred embodiment, only the self-pressure explained above is used. It is preferred that the height difference between on the one hand the heating point, and thus the water surface 113, and on the other hand the outlet 134, and thus also the height of the above-mentioned gas column 121, is chosen large enough for the resulting self-pressure to be sufficient to push it purified the water to the tank 20.
    It is preferred that the outlet 134 be arranged to open below the surface 51 of the water body 50. This maximizes the available self-pressure, while at the same time facilitating the condenser 133 to be arranged below the water surface 51, which also simplifies the condensation of the water vapor.
    A valve 21 along the line 140 is arranged to, in the closed position, maintain the pressure in the device 100 during operation and to, if necessary, in the open position, instead allow purified water to be delivered to the tank 20. It will be appreciated that only so much water can be drained from the container 131 so that the outlet 134 is still completely arranged below the water surface 132.
    If no draining takes place, the water in the container 131 will overflow into the pipe device 120, so the device 100 is self-regulating.
    According to a preferred embodiment, illustrated in Figures 1a and 1b, the conduit device 120 is designed as an elongate cylindrical body, which in the operating position runs substantially vertically. The cylindrical body is, for example by means of the upper part 130, closed at its upper end. At the same time, an opening at the upper part of the cylindrical body allows water vapor to be led from the cooking space 110 to the container 131. This gives an uncomplicated construction.
    Application text document 2010-12-29 100244EN 10 15 20 25 30 10 According to a particularly preferred embodiment, which is also shown in Figures 1a and 1b, which depict the device 100 in cross section, the device as a whole is substantially circularly symmetrical. In other words, the space 110, the conduit device 120 and the upper part 130 are all circularly symmetrical, and the container. 131 is formed. son1 a circular ring, son1 surrounds the upper part of the periphery of the conduit device 120. Preferably, the cooling means of the condenser 133 are also circularly symmetrical, while various smaller equipment details, such as the cooker 111 and the outlet 134, may be asymmetrical.
    Such a substantially circularly symmetrical disposition allows the device 100 to have an even weight distribution and therefore can be balanced in an upright position in the water 50 without requiring expensive, load-distributing design considerations.
    The device 100 is preferably made of a suitable plastic material. Since the device 100 during operation contains a certain amount of gas, it as a whole will float. Therefore, it is required to stabilize in its upright position immersed in the water 50 during operation.
    Figure 1a shows a first preferred way of achieving this, with. by means of a fixed anchor 180 at the bottom, which holds the device 100 with. using chains 181 or similar.
    Figure 1b shows a second preferred way of achieving the same thing, by means of an anchoring buoy 182 with associated anchoring line 183 or the like, in combination with a sinker 184 with associated anchoring chains 185 or the like. It will be appreciated that the sink 184 and / or the float 182 may also be integrated therein in the device 100. This second method, the ring 100, is caused to float freely in its upright operating position. ll, entails increased flexibility in the placement of the device 100 during small-scale and / or temporary operation for water purification.
    In this case, it is essential that the total density and weight distribution of the device 100 be selected so that it can float upright and at a desired depth in the water 50.
    A device '100 according to the above. described can. with. advantage can be used to produce desalinated drinking water from seawater only with the help of solar energy. The purified water can then, as described above, be delivered to a desired above-ground delivery point for use.
    Such a device can also be immersed in a contaminated well or the like, and thereby achieve a combined pumping and purification of the water in the well so that useful drinking water is provided, delivered above ground.
    Figure 2 shows a second exemplary device 200 according to the present invention 'for purifying' water. taken from a body 50 of untreated water.
    The device 200 comprises, like the device 100, a hollow structure, which in turn comprises a first boiling space 210 for not yet purified water, which in this exemplary embodiment is arranged above a water surface 51 of the water body 50. The space 210 comprises a supply opening for supplying the space 210 with such water, and a boiling device for such water, which boiling device is arranged to heat the water to the boiling point by means of energy from focused sunlight, which is supplied via the light-focusing device 10 to a certain heating point in the cooking space. In the device 200, the space 210 itself constitutes the cooking device, and the light-focusing device 10 comprises a mirror 11, which is arranged to reflect incident sunlight directly towards the space 210. Either the space 210 as. the entire heating point, alternatively the space 210 comprises, for example, a black body on which in that case the sunlight constitutes the focus. later area in the immediate vicinity of the black body, the heating site.
    The hollow structure further includes a conduit 243, a condenser 233a, an additional conduit 244 and the purified water tank 20. The water vapor produced in the space 210 is passed by means of self-pressure through the line 243 to the condenser 233a, which condenses the steam to hot water which preferably maintains a temperature of at least 90 ° C. The hot water flows further, through the line 244 and via the pressure regulating valve 22, to the tank 20.
    Between the condenser 233a and the valve 22, the hot water passes a heat exchanger 233b, in which the hot water is contained. heat energy is transferred to not yet purified water, which is fed to the heat exchanger 233b via a line 240 from the body of water 50.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the heat exchanger 233b is of the counterflow type, which allows about 90% of the temperature difference between the hot water and the not yet purified water to benefit the latter water. In this way, the condensed water reaching the valve 22 will maintain a temperature of only a few tens of degrees Celsius above the prevailing temperature in the water body 50 at the suction point in the line 240. At the same time, the not yet purified water out of the heat exchanger 233b can hold at least 70 ° C.
    This significantly increases the efficiency of the water purification process compared to conventional solar water purification techniques, since the incoming water in the boiler 210 only needs to be heated from that temperature. which it holds after the heat exchanger 233b to the boiling point.
    The condenser 233a is not necessarily a discrete component, as shown in Figure 2. Rather, the condenser 233a may be the heat exchanger 233b, or include the heat exchanger 233b as a subcomponent for condensing the vapor to liquid phase water. The transfer. of heat energy from. the hot water vapor boiled off in the boiler to the water to be purified then contributes to, or causes, the steam to condense.
    Such embodiments are illustrated in Figures 3-5.
    In addition, condensation of the steam can take place either upstream, in or downstream of the heat exchanger 233b. Thus, the heat exchanger 233b can transfer the content of heat energy either from steam or liquid water or a mixture thereof, depending on the application in question.
    The water, which has not yet been purified in the heat exchanger 233b, is fed via. a line '241, a pump 260 and a further line 242, into the cooking space 210 through its supply opening. The pump 260 is arranged to pump up the water from the body of water 50 and supply this water to the boiling space 210 under an overpressure which exceeds the pressure prevailing in the space 210 due to the pressure boiling therein, so that the supplied water can be forced into the already overpressure set the space 210.
    After operation for a period of time, salts, particles and / or other contaminants will accumulate in the space 210.
    The space 210 can then be emptied by the residual water being led out of the space 210 via the supply opening, which is advantageously arranged in the vicinity of the bottom of the space 210, via the line 242, Application text doc. 2010-12-29 100244EN 10 15 20 25 30 14 pump 260 and a possible drain line 245. Such a drain can take place, for example, by the pump 260 pumping the water out of the space 210, or by a valve in the pump temporarily switching over so that the line 242 can communicate freely with the line 245.
    In the event that a reliable source of electricity is missing at the current operating location, it is preferred that a photovoltaic device 30 or the like generates an electrical voltage from incident sunlight and applies this voltage across a cable 31, which is connected to the pump 260 and / or a control device, which. can be integrated. in the pump, to control the pump and / or any valve according to the above. In this case, the control device can either switch the system on or off so that it is only operated during the day.
    Alternatively, such operation can be made self-regulating by the pump only being operated when the sun is shining and the voltage is therefore present in the cable 31. such A system. offers efficient purification of water using solar energy.
    Figure 3 illustrates another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in form. of a device 300. The light focusing device 10 comprises a mirror 11, similar to that shown in Figures 1a and 1b, arranged to focus and. directing sunlight into an optical fiber * 13 for further transport to a cooking device 311, which is arranged in a cooking space 310 for not yet purified water. The cooking device 311 may be similar to the cooking device 111 and is arranged to heat water to be purified in the space 310 to the boiling point. The supply opening of the space 310 is arranged above the surface 51 of the body 50 of water to be purified.
    Application text document 2010-12-29 100244EN 10 15 20 25 30 15 Since the optical evaporation in conventional optical fibers is limited, and. since the focused sunlight is guided from the device 10 to the cooking device 311 via such an optical fiber, increased flexibility regarding placement of the cooking space 310 relative to the mirror 11 can be achieved and the focused sunlight can be used more efficiently in the cooking process because the cooking device 310 does not must be resized or otherwise heated directly by incident sunlight.
    Water vapor which is boiled off from a water surface 312 in the space 310 departs, in the corresponding manner described above, through. an outlet in the upper part of the space 310, 333, through a line and via a supply line of and a 380, a heat exchanger counterflow type, switching valve further line 344 and a pressure controlling valve 22, to the tank 20 for purified water.
    Water. to be purified is carried from the body 50 of unpurified water, via a line 340, to the heat exchanger 333, in which heat energy from the hot water vapor is transferred to the as yet unpurified water. In this exemplary case, the heat exchanger 333 also constitutes the condenser.
    A certain proportion, preferably less than 50%, of the condensed water pressurized by the boiling which has passed the heat exchanger 333 is divided in the valve 380 and passed on, through a line 345 down below the surface 51 of the water body 50 and up to a jet pump device 370 , which is supplied with annu purified water via a supply line 371 and which is arranged to pump such water to the heat exchanger 333 for non-heating, and. on to a water tank 361 for annu purified water. From the water tank 361, which is arranged at a higher height than the surface 51 of the water body 50, water is then pressed which is to be purified into the space 310 by means of a pump 360, a supply line 342 and the supply opening of the space 310.
    Since the pump device 370 lifts the water to the container 361, the pump 360 can be designed with less capacity than would otherwise have been the case.
    The jet pump device 370 is arranged to use only the pressure difference between, on the one hand, the condensed water in the line 345, which is under overpressure due to the pressure boiling in the space 310, existing, not yet purified water, to pump up the latter to the container 361.
    Figure 6 shows an example of how such a device can be designed based on a venturi effect. The line 345 thus carries the pressurized water to a place in a nozzle 601, where it meets a stream of not yet purified water flowing through the line 371. It is preferred that the lines 345, 371 are arranged as concentric pipes at the place where these both water streams meet, with the pressurized water line 345 as the inner pipe. A venturi 602 gives rise to an increased flow rate and thus lower pressure, which causes the not yet purified water in line 371 to be sucked into the stream of condensed water from line 345. In this way, sufficient amounts of not yet purified water can. pumped up to a higher altitude, only using the pressure difference between the two liquid streams. Such jet pumps are well known in the art and the corresponding principle also works for using pressurized water vapor, upstream of the condenser, to pump up not yet purified water from the water body 50 to a place above the surface 51.
    Application text docx 2010-12-29 100244EN 10 15 20 25 30 17 In this way, the energy content of the decocted water vapor can be used both in terms of pressure and temperature to increase the efficiency of the purification process, which makes it efficient.
    Figure 4 illustrates a device 400, which constitutes a further exemplary embodiment of the present invention, which. is similar to the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, which uses two boiling spaces 410 and 420 in parallel, each comprising respective supply openings for water to be 412, 422 411, and boiling devices for purifying, water surfaces 421 arranged to heat water as. the boiling point shall be purified by means of solar energy, which is supplied via a respective optical fiber 13, 14 from the sunlight-focusing device 10.
    From the body of water 50 water is to be purified through a line 440 and a heat exchanger 433a, preferably of the counterflow type, in which heat energy is transferred to the water to be purified from pressurized, decoction of water vapor from the second space 420, this water vapor also being condensed. Then the heated, not yet purified water is passed through. a conduit 441 and into the first space 410 through its supply opening; in the form of decoction of pressurized water vapor therein through a line 442 to a second heat exchanger 433b, also preferably of the nwtflow type, arranged to transfer heat energy from the steam, which is thereby condensed, to water to be purified on the way to the second space 420; by. a line 443 to a jet pump device 471 similar to the jet pump device 370, arranged to pump up still uncleaned water from an inlet 449. the purified water, mixed with the line 444 The pumped, not yet condensed water, is passed through a back Application Text Document 2010- 12-29 100244EN 10 15 20 25 30 18 genonl the other 'heat exchanger. 433b to be heated there and further through a conduit 445 and into the second space 420 via its supply opening. Boiled water vapor from the second space 420 is passed through a conduit 446 to the first heat exchanger 433a, where the steam is cooled and condensed to then passed, through a line 447, to a jet pump 470, which is also similar to the jet pump 370 and which is arranged to pump up in a set corresponding to the mode of operation of the jet pump 471 not yet purified water which is supplied via an inlet 448 to the jet pump 470 from water body 50.
    Switching valves 480, 481 are arranged to selectively direct some or all of the condensed water from the respective line 447, 443 to the tank 20 for condensed water, via respective lines 450, 451 and pressure regulating valves 23, 22.
    The device 400 is operated alternately. In a first step, the first space 410 is thus operated for boiling water to be purified, by supplying light energy via the fiber 13. The pressurized one. the steam from the first space 410 is used to, with. by means of the jet pump 471 and the heat exchanger 433b, pump up and preheat water to be purified to the second space, which in this first step is not heated with solar energy. Since the second space 420 in this position is not pressurized by boiling, water can be introduced therein without requiring high supply pressures. At the same time, a valve 482, along the line 441 or in connection with the supply opening of the first space 410, can be kept in the closed position to create a back pressure for the pressure boiling. in the first space 410. A certain proportion, preferably at least 50%, of the condensed water can be diverted in the form of purified water via the line 451.
    Application text doc 2010-12-29 100244EN 10 15 20 25 30 19 In a second step, the two spaces 410, 420 assume the above-mentioned analogous but opposite roles and the second space 420 is heated via the fiber 14 while the first space 410 is filled. The valve 482 is in on with preheated, annu not purified water. this position is open, and a valve 483, which was kept open during the first stage, is now kept closed to create back pressure in the second space 420. Figure 4 illustrates the situation during operation according to the first stage.
    After the second step, the first step is repeated again, so that an alternating, cyclic operation is achieved. Suitable period times for a completed cycle are between 20 and 300 minutes.
    In this embodiment, it is preferred that the two spaces 410, 420 comprise thermal insulation of the respective cooking space, so that the preheated water in a space does not have time to cool more than necessary before the space in question begins to be heated with solar energy via the respective fiber. as. In order to control the valves and which fiber is active, a control device 40 is preferably used, which is supplied with electrical energy via a cable 32 from a solar cell device 30 for producing a voltage from incident sunlight. The control device 40 may also be arranged to open a respective bottom valve 413, 423 in each space 410, 420, for draining residual water from the space which is to begin to be filled with not yet purified water in connection with the change of operating way from one step to another.
    It is also preferred that the control device 40 be equipped with an overfill protection which prevents too much as yet untreated water from being supplied to the space which. currently being filled.
    Application text docx 2010-12-29 100244EN 10 15 20 25 30 20 In this way, one of the cooking spaces 410, 420 can always be heated with sunlight, via a respective optical fiber 13, 14, and thus boil water for purification. At the same time, the currently unheated space can be refilled with new, preheated water that must be purified pending the next heating phase. The only externally supplied energy, apart from sunlight supplied through the two fibers 13, 14, is the energy required to drive the control device 40.
    Figure 5 illustrates a further preferred embodiment, in the form of a device 500 with only one cooking space 510 above ground 60.
    The cooking space 510, and 420, which are similar to the cooking spaces 310, 410, comprises a cooking device 511, which is supplied with light energy via the optical fiber 13 running from the solar and a bottom-focusing device 10; a water surface 512; valve 513 for draining residual water.
    The decocted water vapor from the boiler 511 is passed through a line 542, via a condenser / heat exchanger 533, which is similar to the heat exchangers described above and which is preferably of the counterflow type, a further line 543 and a pressure regulating valve 22 to the condensed water tank 20.
    A device 100 as described above in connection with Figures 1a and 1b is further provided arranged at least partially immersed in the body of water 50, where an open boiling space is arranged to boil not yet purified water by means of solar energy supplied by an optical fiber 14., as described above, gives rise to a pressurized amount of condensed water in the container of the device 100. This pressurized condensed water is drained from the outlet of the container and led through a line 544 to a jet pump 570 of the type described above in connection with Figures 3 and 4, which jet pump 570 is arranged to pump the condensed water together with not yet purified water which is sucked into the pump. genon1 an inlet 571, up the genon1 line. 540, via the heat exchanger. 533 and. an additional conduit '541 and up to and into the cooking space 510 through its supply from therein; In the heat exchanger. 533 heat energy is transferred to the space 510 decoction of the water vapor, which heat exchange preheats the pumped water as described above.
    What is also important is that the pressure created in the conduit 541 near the supply opening of the space 510 depends on the dimensioning of the device 100 in terms of the height of its gas column, as described above, in combination with the height difference configuration 540, the distance between the device 100 and the space 510, of the jet pump 570, pressure losses in the lines 544, 541 and in the heat exchanger 533 and so on. According to a preferred embodiment. In the application of the present invention, these and other parameters are selected according to the embodiment in question so that the supply available in the line 541 exceeds the operating pressure inside the space 510 during operation with boiling therein. In other words, the water delivered through the conduit 541 will maintain such a high pressure that it can be forced into the space 510 and thus fill it as the existing water therein is evaporated as described. The pressure in the space 510 is regulated, above in connection with Figures 2-4, by means of the pressure regulating valve 22.
    The flow of water to be purified to the space 510 can, if necessary, be regulated by means of suitable valves along the line 544 and / or in the jet pump 570 and / or along the line 540.
    Application text document 2010-12-29 100244EN 10 15 20 25 30 22 According to a preferred embodiment, the bottom valve 513 is controlled by means of a per se conventional solvent valve, which is suitably arranged as a part of the bottom valve 513 and which is arranged to open the bottom valve when the intensity of the sunlight incident on the solvent decreases below a predetermined value, so that the space 510 is emptied of residual water.
    In this way, a self-regulating system can be provided for the production and delivery of purified, desalinated water to the tank 20 during the daylight hours, which system is also automatically emptied of residual water at dusk so that the next day, when solar energy begins to be delivered through the fibers l3, 14, refilled with water to be purified. This takes place without any externally supplied energy, apart from the solar energy captured by the mirror II and the solvent valve. In addition, the device 500 can be built with a minimum of moving parts, which reduces the maintenance needs of the system. Finally, it can be easily assembled using standard components, resulting in a cost-effective installation.
    Preferred embodiments have been described above. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many changes may be made to the described embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention.
    For example, a device of the type described in connection with Figures 1a and 1b can be used only as. a solar-powered pump, for example to pump up already usable water from a well.
    Furthermore, a device of the type illustrated in Figure 2 can also be provided with not yet purified water by means of either a device according to Figures 1a and 1b, or by means of an application pump of the type as. described in connection with Figures 3-5.
    The devices illustrated in Figures 2-5 can, like devices according to Figures 1a and 1b, be used to pump up and purify water from wells.
    In addition, the supplied solar energy can be used to raise the temperature of the water vapor produced to above 100 ° C, such as to at least 120 ° C or even higher, in order to achieve even better disinfection of the water.
    Thus, the invention should not be limited by the described embodiments, but may be varied within the scope of the appended claims.
    Application text document 2010-12-29 100244EN
    权利要求:
    Claims (22)
    [1]
    1. A device (200; 300; 400; 500) for purifying water, comprising a hollow structure which in turn comprises a first space (2010; 310; 410; 420; 510), comprising a supply opening for water to be purified and a boiling device (311; 411; 42l; 511) for such water, arranged to heat the water to the boiling point by means of energy from the focused (10) first sera sunlight which. supplied via. a supply device for sunlight to a certain heating steel in the space; a condenser for condensing water vapor from the boiler; and a water vapor conduit device (243; 343; 442,446; 542) arranged to carry water vapor from the first space to the condenser; characterized in that a heat exchanger (233; 333; 433a; 433b; 533) is arranged to transfer heat energy from either hot water vapor boiled off in the boiling device or condensed, annu hot water originating from such steam, to water to be purified and to be introduced into the first space through the supply opening.
    [2]
    Device (200; 300; 400; 500) according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchanger (233; 333; 433l; 433b; 533) is of the counterflow type.
    [3]
    Device (200; 300; 400; 500) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the condenser comprises the heat exchanger (233; 333; 433l; 433b; 533), so that the transfer of heat energy from the hot water vapor boiled of in the boiling device (311; 411; 42l; 511) to water to be purified contributes to or causes the steam to condense. Application text document 2010-12-29 100244EN 10 15 20 25 30 25
    [4]
    Device (200) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first space (210) is arranged above a water surface (51) of the water body (50), in that a pump device (260) is arranged to pumping water from the body of water to the first space (210) and in that the supply device (10) for sunlight comprises a sunlight focusing device (11) arranged to focus incident sunlight directly towards the cooking device.
    [5]
    Device (300; 400; 500) according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the supply device (10) for sunlight comprises a sunlight focusing device (11) arranged to focus and direct sunlight into an optical fiber (13,14 ), which fiber is arranged to conduct the light to the cooking device (311; 411,421; 511).
    [6]
    Device (300; 400) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply opening of the first space (310; 410) (50) is arranged above the surface of the water body (51), in that the hollow structure is designed so that the boiling of water to be purified results in an overpressure during operation, in that a pipeline seam (345; 443,447) is and / or arranged to direct pressurized water vapor pressurized condensed water from the hollow structure to a jet pump device (370; 470,471) to pump water to be purified from the body of water to the level of the first 'space' without any other externally supplied energy other than the pressure difference between the water vapor and / or the condensed water on the one hand and the water to be purified on the other.
    [7]
    Device (400) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device, in addition to the first space (410), also comprises a second space (420). , comprising a supply opening for water to be and a boiling device (421) IGDäS for such water, arranged. to heat the water to boiling point. with. aided by energy from focused sunlight (14) supplied via an optical fiber to a certain heating stall in the second space; in that the device is arranged to be operated alternately, so that in a first step the first. the space is operated for boiling water to be purified while the second space is refilled with water to be purified, and so that in a second step the second space is operated for boiling water to be purified while the first space is refilled with water to be purified, and that the first and second steps are then repeated.
    [8]
    Device (400) according to claim 7, characterized in that the device is arranged so that said emptying and backfilling is effected by means of a jet pump device (470,47l) for pumping water to be purified without any other externally supplied energy and the pressure difference between on the one hand pressurized water vapor and / or pressurized, condensed water and on the other hand the water to be purified. (500) k ä n n e -
    [9]
    Device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the device further comprises a pumping device (10 0) comprising a hollow structure, which structure is associated with an upright operating mode and in turn comprises a third space, comprising a supply opening for water. to be purified and a boiling device for such water, arranged to heat the water to the boiling point by means of light supplied by an optical fiber to a certain heating stall in the first space; a condenser for condensing water vapor from the boiler; Application text document 2010-12-29 100244EN 10 15 20 25 30 27 a container for condensed water connected to the condenser, comprising an outlet arranged below a liquid level container during operation of the device; and a water vapor conduit device, which connects the upper part of the third space to the condenser so that the third space freely communicates * with. the condensed water container; in that the third space is arranged to communicate freely with the body (50) of water when the structure is in its operating position and at least partially immersed in the body of water, in that the structure, in addition to the supply opening and the outlet for condensed water, is arranged to operation is closed, in that the outlet of the container during operation in said operating position is arranged above the heating point, in that pumping of water to be purified to the first space (51) is effected by means of a jet pump device (570) through which pressurized, condensed water i. the container. is arranged to flow and which pumps up water to be purified to the first space using the pressure difference between the pressurized, condensed water and the water to be purified as an energy source.
    [10]
    Device (500) according to claim 9, characterized in that the device further comprises a solvent valve arranged that, when the intensity of the sunlight decreases below a predetermined value, (513) in (510) open a bottom valve the first space so that the first space is emptied on residual water.
    [11]
    11. ll. A method of purifying water, the method comprising the steps of comprising a first a) arranging a hollow structure, space (210; 310; 410; 420; 510) and a conduit device (243; running between the first space and the container); 343; 442,446; 542); Application text docx 2010-12-29 100244EN 10 15 20 25 30 28 b) add water to the first space to be purified and boil this water with the help of energy from focused sunlight which is supplied via a supply (10) harness device for sunlight to a some heating stall in the first room; and c) passing the decocted water vapor, via the conduit device, to a condenser in which water vapor is condensed; characterized in that a heat exchanger (233; 333; 433a; 433b; 533) is caused to transfer heat energy from either hot water vapor boiled off in the cooking device or condensed, annu hot water originating from such steam, to water to be purified and to be introduced into the first space through the supply opening. k ä n n e t e c k n a t (233; 333; 433a; 433b; 533)
    [12]
    12. l2. Method according to claim 11, in that the heat exchanger is of the counterflow type.
    [13]
    13. A method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the condenser is caused to comprise the heat exchanger (233; 333; 433a; 433b; 533), so that the transfer. of heat energy from the hot water vapor boiled off in the cooking device (3ll; 4ll; 42l; 5ll) to water to be purified contributes to or causes the steam to condense.
    [14]
    14. l4. A method according to any one of claims 11-13, characterized in that the first space (210) (260) is caused to be arranged above a water surface is caused to pump water from the body of water to the first space (210) and by a sunlight focusing device (10) is caused to focus incident sunlight directly towards the cooking device. ll-13, k ä n n e - (10)
    [15]
    A method according to any one of the claims characterized in that a sunlight focusing device is brought to focus and direct sunlight into an optical fiber (13,14), which fiber is caused to direct the light to the cooking device (311; 411, 4211; 511).
    [16]
    Method according to one of Claims 11 to 15, characterized in that the supply opening of the first space (310; 410) is caused to be arranged above the surface (51) of the water body (50), by bringing the hollow structure to be designed. so that the boiling of water to be purified causes an overpressure during operation, in that a pipeline seam (345; 443,447) is caused to lead pressurized water vapor and / or pressurized condensed water from the hollow structure to a jet pump device (370 470,471) to pump water to be purified from the body of water to the level of the first space without any other externally supplied energy other than the pressure difference between the water vapor and / or the condensed water on the one hand and the water to be purified on the other.
    [17]
    A method according to any one of claims 11-16, characterized in that the device (400), in addition to the first space (410), is also caused to comprise a second space (420), comprising a supply opening for water to be (421) is purified and a boiling device for such water, provided. to heat the water to boiling point. with. by means of energy from focused (14) sunlight supplied via an optical fiber to a certain heating source in the second space; by causing the device to be operated alternately, so that in a first step the first space is operated for boiling water to be purified while the second space is refilled with water to be purified, and so that in a second step the second space is operated for boiling of water to be purified while filling the first space with water to be purified, and of repeating the first and second steps thereafter.
    [18]
    18. A method according to claim 17, characterized in that the device (400) is caused to effect said emptying and backfilling by means of a jet pump device (470,471) for pumping water to be purified without any other externally supplied energy than the pressure difference between on the one hand pressurized water vapor and / or pressurized, condensed water and on the other hand the water to be purified.
    [19]
    A method according to any one of claims 11-16, characterized in that the device (500) is further made to comprise a pumping device (100) comprising a hollow structure, which structure is made to be associated with an upright operating position and in turn is made comprising a third space, comprising a supply opening for water to be purified and a boiling device for such water, arranged to heat the water to the boiling point by means of light supplied by an optical fiber to a certain heating point in the first space; a condenser for condensing water vapor from the boiler; for condensing a container of water connected to the condenser, comprising an outlet arranged below a liquid level container during operation of the device; and a water vapor conduit device, which is caused to connect the upper part of the third space to the condenser so that the third space freely communicates with, the container for condensed water; by bringing the third space to communicate freely with and the body. of water when the structure. is in its operating position at least partially immersed in the body (50) of water, in that the structure, in addition to the supply opening and the outlet for condensed water, is caused to be closed during operation, by the outlet of the container during operation in_ said. operating position Is arranged to be arranged above the heating point, in that pumping of water to be purified to the first space (510) is effected by means of a jet pump device (570) through which pressurized, condensed water j_ the container. is arranged to flow and which pumps up water to be purified to the first space using the pressure difference between the pressurized, condensed water and the water to be purified as an energy source. k ä n n e t e c k n a t
    [20]
    The method of claim 19, a wherein a solvent valve is further caused to, when the intensity of sunlight decreases below a predetermined value, open a bottom valve (513) in the first space (510) so that the first space is emptied. on residual water.
    [21]
    21. 2l. Method according to one of Claims 11 to 20, characterized in that the water body (50) is arranged in a well, in that the purification of the water results in suitable drinking water, and in that a desired delivery point (20) is arranged above ground. requirements ll-20, k ä n n e - (50)
    [22]
    22. A method according to any one of the claims that the body of water consists of seawater and that the purification of the water involves desalination. Application text document 2010-12-29 100244EN
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP2658813A4|2015-12-02|
    CN103459323B|2015-12-09|
    CA2826220A1|2012-07-05|
    CN103459323A|2013-12-18|
    KR20140032372A|2014-03-14|
    SE535878C2|2013-01-29|
    WO2012091668A1|2012-07-05|
    US20140027268A1|2014-01-30|
    AU2011353122A1|2013-08-15|
    EP2658813A1|2013-11-06|
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    法律状态:
    2015-08-04| NUG| Patent has lapsed|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1051390A|SE535878C2|2010-12-29|2010-12-29|Purification of water by heating with sunlight|SE1051390A| SE535878C2|2010-12-29|2010-12-29|Purification of water by heating with sunlight|
    AU2011353122A| AU2011353122A1|2010-12-29|2011-12-28|Purification of water by heating with sunlight, via optical fibre|
    CN201180067694.5A| CN103459323B|2010-12-29|2011-12-28|By heating water purification with sunlight|
    CA 2826220| CA2826220A1|2010-12-29|2011-12-28|Purification of water by heating with sunlight, via optical fibre|
    US13/982,037| US20140027268A1|2010-12-29|2011-12-28|Purification of water by heating with sunlight, via optical cable|
    PCT/SE2011/051599| WO2012091668A1|2010-12-29|2011-12-28|Purification of water by heating with sunlight, via optical fibre|
    KR20137020115A| KR20140032372A|2010-12-29|2011-12-28|Purification of water by heating with sunlight, via optical fibre|
    EP11853591.3A| EP2658813A4|2010-12-29|2011-12-28|Purification of water by heating with sunlight, via optical fibre|
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